20, No. He used tobacco but did not drink alcohol. Under his direction, the Mormons built roads and bridges, forts, irrigation projects; established public welfare; organized a militia; issued a "selective extermination" order against male Timpanogos[88] and after a series of wars eventually made peace with the Native Americans. [92]:34, In 1851, Young and several federal officialsincluding territorial Secretary Broughton Harrisbecame unable to work cooperatively. This colored race have been subjected to severe curses which they have brought upon themselves. Memorials to Young include a bronze statue in front of the Abraham O. Smoot Administration Building, Brigham Young University; a marble statue in the National Statuary Hall Collection at the United States Capitol, donated by the State of Utah in 1950;[162] and a statue atop the This is the Place Monument in Salt Lake City. Robert Walker. [62][63][64] Young began acting as the church's president afterwards, though he did not yet have a full presidency. [192], In another Death Valley Days episode in 1969, "Biscuits and Billy, the Kid", Michael Hinn (19131988) of the former Boots and Saddles western series was cast as Young. Young negotiated with Stephen A. Douglas and agreed to lead church members out of Nauvoo in the spring in exchange for peace. "[77], Among Young's first acts upon arriving in the valley were the naming of the city as "The City of the Great Salt Lake" and its organization into blocks of ten acres, each divided into eight equal-sized lots. [Joseph Smith] was succeeded by one of the outstanding organizers of the 19th century, Brigham Young. [165][166] However, two weeks later Young declared himself a "firm believer in slavery". An estimated 5,000 members were endowed between December 10, 1845 and February 1846. With the onset of the Panic of 1819, Jeffries dismissed Young from his apprenticeship and Young moved to Port Byron, which was then called Bucksville. The study included a total of 2,097 young patients (<50 years) admitted for a heart attack in two large hospitals. [40][41] Young also served in various leadership and community organization roles among church members in Nauvoo. [23] Young continued to preach in eastern Canada in the spring, and accompanied two Canadian converts to Kirtland in July 1833. [65] Not all church members followed Young. It was only after the fact, and after the end of the Civil War, that Young slowly realized just how mistaken his hope in a sudden Millennium was: the perpetrators of the MMM were being sought by the Federal courts. Provo, Utah: Religious Studies Center, Brigham Young University. [I]f those who are there will leave let them go in peace. After the massacre, Young stated in public forums that God had taken vengeance on the BakerFancher party. [42] Young and the other apostles directed the church's missionary work and the immigration of new converts from this point forward. As part of Young's vision of a pre-millennial "Kingdom of God," Young established colonies along the California and Old Spanish Trails, where Mormon officials governed as leaders of church, state, and military. [90] Young also organized a board of regents to establish a university in the Salt Lake Valley. A young boy has died and his mother has been hospitalized after being attacked by a pack of dogs over the weekend, according to tribal authorities. Just four days after arriving in the Salt Lake Valley, Young designated the location for the Salt Lake Temple; he presided over its groundbreaking years later on April 6, 1853. For the decade prior the emigrants' arrival, Utah Territory had existed essentially as a theocracy led by Brigham Young. "[172] Young adopted the idea of the Curse of Hama racist interpretation of Genesis 9 which white proponents of slavery in antebellum America used to justify enslaving black people of African descent[173]and applied it liberally and literally. Questions to be propounded to Brigham Young on his examination as a witness in the case of John D. Lee and others, on trial at Beaver City, this 30th day of July, 1875, and the answers of Brigham . Young achieved greatest success in real estate. Joseph had been a Reformed Methodist preacher and the two made a similar "preaching circuit" in eastern Canada. [136] At a church meeting on September 21, 1856, Brigham Young stated: We need a reformation in the midst of this people; we need a thorough reform.[137] Large gatherings and meetings during this period were conducted by Young and Grant, and Young played a key role in the circulation of the Mormon Reformation with his emphasis on plural marriage, rebaptism, and passionate preaching and oration. 19" was nothing short of a bombshell. His son, also named Alma, rebelled against everything he was taught. There he showed a talent for organizing the church's work and maintaining good relationships with Joseph Smith and the other apostles. The Constitution of Deseret is silent upon this, we meant it should be so. They described the Book of Mormon as the "stick of Joseph" mentioned in Ezekiel 37. Which is greater 36 yards 2 feet and 114 feet 2 inch? [2] His last words were "Joseph! Only at the end, did Brigham Young sacrifice John D. Lee, when it became obvious that the Nation would have justice for the atrocity. You must not meddle with them. [150] On September 2, 1877, Young's funeral was held in the Tabernacle with an estimated 12,000 to 15,000 people in attendance. He was a brother of the Mormon prophet, Brigham Young (1801-1877). Young also served a year-long mission to the United Kingdom. [16][17], Young first heard about the massacre from John D. Lee, one of the participants. He married single women and widows. On this Wikipedia the language links are at the top of the page across from the article title. Beau's son was 9 years old at the time of his father's death. Arthur Conan Doyle based his first Sherlock Holmes novel, A Study in Scarlet, on Mormon history, mentioning Young by name. Young's leadership style has been viewed as autocratic. [135] The Mormon Reformation called for a spiritual reawakening among members of the church, and took place largely in the Utah Territory. The game in question was against Brigham Young University, as part of the Mountain West semifinals. [6] At age twelve, he moved with his parents to the township of Genoa, close to Cayuga Lake. Young performed the sealing ordinances for two of Joseph Smith's plural wives in early 1842. [95][96] Young said in an 1852 speech, "In as much as we believe in the Bible we must believe in slavery. Term ended by removal of apostleship; was later excommunicated. Under his leadership, members in the United Kingdom began publishing Millennial Star, a hymnal, and a new edition of the Book of Mormon. Young's father was a farmer, and when Young was three years old his family moved to upstate New York, settling in Chenango County. Reared in the famous Beehive House, Mrs. Spencer has carried with her through life the patient, loving influence of her parents. [149] It is believed that he died of peritonitis from a ruptured appendix. The affidavit was created at John C. Bennett's request, after his excommunication and in conjunction with his distribution of false information combined with true information about the church's practice of polygamy. A key element of the teachings of this group in Young's eyes was their practicing of spiritual gifts like speaking in tongues and prophecy. Brigham Young was probably the most oft-married man in 19th-century America. "[14] Brooks writes, "While Brigham Young and other church authorities did not specifically order the massacre, they did preach sermons and set up social conditions that made it possible." Joe . . Upon joining the Methodists, he insisted on being baptized by immersion rather than by their normal practice of sprinkling. "[13], Historians debate whether the Haight letter absolves Young of any complicity. He cited as his reason for this that he was ready to relieve himself from the burden of "secular affairs. [130] Young taught that the day would come when black men would again have the priesthood, saying that after "all the other children of Adam have the privilege of receiving the Priesthood, and of coming into the kingdom of God, and of being redeemed from the four-quarters of the earth, and have received their resurrection from the dead, then it will be time enough to remove the curse from Cain and his posterity. [163] In the 1840s, Young strove to keep aloof from nationwide political debates over slavery, avoiding committing to either antislavery or proslavery positions. On September 8, 1857, Captain Stewart Van Vliet, of the US Army Quartermaster Corps, arrived in Salt Lake City. [177] Young did not live with a number of his wives or publicly hold them out as wives, which has led to confusion on the number and their identities. He worked as a carpenter, glazier, and painter. [79] Young spent just over a month in the Valley recovering from mountain fever before returning to Winter Quarters on August 31. Recently, Brigham Young has been under attack by many who think his actions were racist, sexist, authoritarian, violent and more. Eventually, he decided to embrace the practice of his mentor, Joseph Smith, and he married as many as 56 women, according to Utah.gov. Mrs. Lawton was the second of the ten Alexander children, of whom the sixth was the late Gen. Edward Porter Alexander, chief of artillery, Longstreet's Corps, C. S. A., president . Joseph! 5 min read. A CONFESSION etched on a newly discovered lead sheet has shaken the Mormon Church by linking its revered leader, Brigham Young, with one of the worst massacres in American history. She has been placed on indefinite suspension for her actions, which include punching another . "[76], Upon being asked why he chose for them to settle in the Salt Lake Valley, Young stated: "We have been kicked out of the frying-pan into the fire, out of the fire into the middle of the floor, and here we are and here we will stay. He was later joined by his family and by other members of the church in Missouri. After marrying Abigail, John Young settled in Massachusetts. [5] Young received little formal education, but his mother taught him how to read and write. Though he himself was hundreds of miles away, the literal hour struck for Brigham Young at Carthage Jail precisely at "5 o'clock, 16 minutes, and 26 seconds" on the afternoon of June 27, 1844. [138] It was during this period that the controversial doctrine of blood atonement was occasionally preached by Young, though it was repudiated in 1889 and never practiced by members of the church. As part of the Reformation, almost all "active" or involved LDS Church members were rebaptized as a symbol of their commitment. Young stated that upon being taught about plural marriage by Joseph Smith: "It was the first time in my life that I desired the grave. The decree of God that Canaan should be a servant of servants unto his brethren (i.e., Shem and Japhet [sic]) is in full force. [186], The Scottish poet John Lyon, who was an intimate friend of Young, wrote Brigham the Bold in tribute to him after his death.[187][188]. From another planet, Adam brought Eve, one of his wives, with him to the earth, where they became mortal by eating the fruit of the tree of knowledge of good and evil. The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints. The seed of Canaan cannot hold any office, civil or ecclesiastical. It is alarming to see how intensely and openly the family is under attack in contemporary society. The religion had undergone a period of intense conflict with non-Mormons in the American midwest, and faithful Mormons made solemn oaths to pray for vengeance upon those who killed the "prophets" including founder Joseph Smith, and more recently apostle Parley P. Pratt, who was murdered in April 1857 while traveling as a missionary in Arkansas. [39], Under Young's direction, the quorum organized the exodus of Latter Day Saints from Missouri to Illinois in 1838. After bearing mortal children and establishing the human race, Adam and Eve returned to their heavenly thrones where Adam acts as the god of this world. [36] He then returned to Kirtland where he remained until dissenters, unhappy with the failure of the Kirtland Safety Society, forced him to flee the community in December 1837. Will Richardson spoke to KPHO and showed what he called bite marks on his 9-year-old son Matthew's neck and back. The family moved to Vermont shortly before Brigham Young was born. [14], In Blood of the Prophets, Mormon historian William Bagley echoes David White's conclusion that the letter does not absolve Young of any wrongdoing. Early Friday morning, they were attacked in the street and one missionary was stabbed in the neck," the statement reads. [67], Before departing Nauvoo, Young focused on completing the Nauvoo temple. [20] There, Young saw Alpheus Gifford speak in tongues, and in response Young also spoke in tongues. In the story line, the organ built and guided west to Salt Lake City by Joseph Harris Ridges (18271914) of Australia becomes mired in the sand. This is due to differences in what scholars have considered to be a "wife". Was not referring to his death, just the stabbing. Following her death, he moved with his father to Tyrone, New York. Then figure out what the total cost of the trip would be.? [109] During his tenure, Young oversaw construction of the Salt Lake Tabernacle and announced plans to build the St. George (1871), Manti (1875), and Logan (1877) temples. :200 When Young received word in July that federal troops were headed to Utah with his replacement, he called out his militia to ambush the federal force using delaying tactics. The Utah Territory was created by Congress as part of the Compromise of 1850, and as colonizer and founder of Salt Lake City, Young was appointed the territory's first governor and superintendent of American Indian affairs by President Millard Fillmore on February 3, 1851. Young's father, two brothers, and sister had already moved to Mendon before he did. During time as prophet and governor, Young encouraged each bishop to establish a grade school for his congregation, which would be supported by volunteer work and tithing payments. Young was played by Dean Jagger in the 1940 film Brigham Young. The day will come when the seed of Canaan will be redeemed and have all the blessings their brethren enjoy. Brigham Young was also played by Terence Stamp in the 2007 film September Dawn. If the circumstances of his life had worked out differently [he] might have become a captain of industryan Andrew Carnegie or John D. Rockefeller or a railroad builder. [15] Sometime in 1830, Young was introduced to the Book of Mormon by way of a copy that his brother, Phineas Howe, had obtained from Samuel H. Smith. "[97] Seven years later in 1859, Young stated in an interview with the New York Tribune that he considered slavery a "divine institution not to be abolished". Van Vliet's mission was to inform Young that the US troops then approaching Utah did not intend to attack the Mormons, but intended to establish an army base near Salt Lake City and to request Young's cooperation in procuring supplies for the army. [119][120] Instead, those who committed such sins could partially atone for their sin by sacrificing their life in a way that sheds blood. [75] Two days after their arrival, Young and the Twelve Apostles climbed the peak just north of the city and raised the American flag, calling it the "Ensign of Liberty. Brigham Young ( / brm /; June 1, 1801 - August 29, 1877) was an American leader in the Latter Day Saint movement and a settler of the Western United States. In 1857, at the time of the Mountain Meadows Massacre, Brigham Young, was serving as President of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS Church) and as Governor of Utah Territory. . The Love and Laws of God By President Russell M. Nelson ,, An address given at Brigham Young University in Provo, Utah, on September 17, 2019. [17][18] He was baptized by Eleazer Miller. Conditions Governing Access. Young, himself, was subjected to house arrest for several weeks in 1872 and jailed briefly in March 1875. Historians still debate the autonomy and precise roles of local Cedar City LDS Church officials in ordering the massacre and Young's concealing of evidence in its aftermath. [193], Gregg Henry depicts Young in the fourth (2014) and fifth (2015) seasons of the TV series Hell on Wheels, a fictional story about the construction of the First transcontinental railroad. In 1857, at the time of the Mountain Meadows Massacre, Brigham Young, was serving as President of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS Church) and as Governor of Utah Territory. In the 1995 film The Avenging Angel, the role of Young was played by Charlton Heston. During his time as church president, Young led his followers, the Mormon pioneers, west from Nauvoo, Illinois, to the Salt Lake Valley. [68] With the repealing of Nauvoo's charter in January 1845, church members in Nauvoo lost their courts, police, and militia, leaving them vulnerable to attacks by mobs. [105], Within the church, Young reorganized the Relief Society for women in 1867, and created organizations for young women in 1869 and young men in 1875. Young did not immediately accept the divine claims of the Book of Mormon. He also helped organize the local forensic and oratorical society. For instance, Joseph Smith was once attacked by an apostate from the Church, William Law, who "attempted to kill Joseph and fired a pistol at him six times at close range. Dates. He joined the Nauvoo city council in 1841 and oversaw the first baptisms for the dead in the unfinished Nauvoo temple. "[104] The school broke off from the University of Deseret and became Brigham Young Academy in 1876 under the leadership of Karl G. Maeser,[104] and was the precursor to Brigham Young University. Brigham and Women's Hospital in Boston says its policy won't allow DJ Ferguson to have the surgery since not being vaccinated seriously hurts its chances for success and his long-term outlook. The Mountain Meadows Massacre victimized several groups of emigrants from the northwestern Arkansas region who had started their treks to California in early 1857, joining along the way and becoming known as the BakerFancher party. They were from Arkansas." He was replaced as governor the following year by Alfred Cumming. Sidney Rigdon, the senior surviving member of the church's First Presidency, argued there could be no successor to the deceased prophet and that he should stay Joseph's "spokesman" and become guardian of the church. James H. Haslam, interview by S. A. Kenner, reported by Josiah Rogerson, 4 December 1884, typescript, 11, in Josiah Rogerson, Transcripts and Notes of John D. Lee Trials, LDS Church Archives. By 1870, it had all but disappeared from use.[108]. [47] Young married Lucy Ann Decker in June 1842, making her his first plural wife. [110], Though polygamy was practiced by Young's predecessor, Joseph Smith,[111] the practice is often associated with Young. "Two missionaries of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, serving in the Colombia Cali mission were the victims of a robbery and assault. [60] The majority in attendance voted that the Quorum of the Twelve was to lead the church. GILBERT, Ariz. (KPHO/Gray News) - A family in Arizona says their child was attacked by an out-of-control dog at an area park last week. Young's message of reply to Haight, dated September 10, 1857, read: In regard to emigration trains passing through our settlements, we must not interfere with them until they are first notified to keep away. Miller was arrested, but released when it was discovered he was not Brigham Young. 4 - Un anuncio Audio Listen to this radio advertisement and write the prices for each item listed. Brigham Young wasn't the only latter-day prophet to have such close experiences with death. [46] Eight of Young's plural marriages in Nauvoo were to Joseph Smith's widows. [170] His manuscript history from January 5, 1852, which was published in the Deseret News, reads: The negro . Oct 2019 - Apr 20211 year 7 months. [182] Some of Young's descendants have become leaders in the LDS Church, as well as prominent political and cultural figures. [61] Many of Young's followers stated in reminiscent accounts (the earliest in 1850 and the latest in 1920) that when Young spoke to the congregation, he looked or sounded exactly like Smith, which they attributed to the power of God. [179][180][181], At the time of Young's death, nineteen of his wives had predeceased him; he was divorced from ten, and twenty-three survived him. Brotherton signed an affidavit saying that she had been locked in Smith's office for two days while Young and others tried to convince her to accept polygamy. Jeffery Ogden Johnson, Determining and Defining 'Wife': The Brigham Young Households, Dialogue: A Journal of Mormon Thought, Vol. Brigham Young University. Young was also one of the first to subscribe to Union Pacific stock, for the construction of the First transcontinental railroad. In his will, Young shared his estate with the sixteen surviving wives who had lived with him; the six surviving non-conjugal wives were not mentioned in the will. The LDS Church's Doctrine and Covenants contains one section from Young that has been canonized as scripture, added in 1876. Young did not learn of the assassination until early July. It's been more than three weeks since the Norfolk Southern Railway train derailed in East Palestine, Ohio, leaking dangerous chemicals into the air, soil and water. Isaac Haight's stake high council opposed the attack, and sent a messenger to Salt . The Compromise of 1850 instead carved out Utah Territory and Young was appointed governor. Brooks has argued the massacre was an overreaction by Mormon militia forces which resulted in the death of settlers and the tarnishing of the Church's reputation. [145] Leonard J. Arrington reports that Young received a rider at his office on the day of the massacre, and that when he learned of the contemplated attack by members of the church in Parowan and Cedar City, he sent back a letter directing that the Fancher party be allowed to pass through the territory unmolested. [99] In 1858, following the events of the Utah War, he stepped down to his gubernatorial successor, Alfred Cumming.[100]. Alan Willson ran from his home in Worthing, West Sussex, after his son called him to say he was being attacked. [126] After settling in Utah in 1848, Young announced the ban,[126] which also forbade blacks from participating in Mormon temple rites such as the endowment or sealings. Within months, Harris and the others departed their Utah appointments without replacements being named, and their posts remained unfilled for the next two years. In the Season 5 mid-season finale, "False Prophets", Young's son, Phineas, attempts to murder his father. [54][55] In March 1844, Brigham Young was an inaugural member of the Council of Fifty, which later organized the Mormon exodus from Nauvoo. [7] Young moved to Auburn, New York where he was an apprentice to John C. Jeffries. It is that selfless attitude that captured the hearts of . These included a wagon express company, a ferryboat company, a railroad and the manufacturing of processed lumber, wool, sugar beets, iron, and liquor. The ninth of twelve children, Brigham was born into a life full of work. [8] Young reported having a strict Puritan-style Christian upbringing. [190], Oliver Wendell Holmes Sr., talking about his fondness of trees, joked in his The Autocrat of the Breakfast-Table: "I call all trees mine that I have put my wedding-ring on, and I have as many tree-wives as Brigham Young has human ones."[191]. The incident occurred late Saturday afternoon at . Bridger Walker and his sister. [44], During his time in Nauvoo, Joseph Smith introduced the doctrine of plural marriage among church leaders. [175] The policy and practice of polygamy was difficult for many in the church to accept. Prosecutors in New York City are investigating an incident in which a jazz musician said his 14-year-old son was attacked by a woman who falsely accused him of taking her iPhone. His mother died of tuberculosis in June 1815. [81], After three years of leading the church as the President of the Quorum of the Twelve Apostles, Young reorganized a new First Presidency and was sustained as the second president of the church on December 27, 1847 at Winter Quarters. Marisa Tafoya Media. The majority of Young's teachings are contained in the 19 volumes of transcribed and edited sermons in the Journal of Discourses. The horror of rape or sexual assault is traumatizing enough for any victim. The Indians we expect will do as they please but you should try and preserve good feelings with them. In the appendix, Twain describes Young as a theocratic "absolute monarch" defying the will of the U.S. government, and alleges using a dubious source that Young had ordered the Mountain Meadows massacre. One of the homes that Young helped paint in Auburn belonged to Elijah Miller and later to William Seward, and is now a local museum. (Brigham Young was mistaken when he later testified that the meeting took place "some two of three months after the massacre" Young 1875.) Haight. [11] Their daughter, Elizabeth, was born on September 26, 1825. [147], Before his death in Salt Lake City on August 29, 1877,[148] Young was suffering from cholera morbus and inflammation of the bowels. Trumpeter Keyon . . [103] Young said, "I hope to see an Academy established in Provo at which the children of the Latter-day Saints can receive a good education unmixed with the pernicious atheistic influences that are found in so many of the higher schools of the country. Only at the end, did Brigham Young sacrifice John D. Lee, when it became obvious that the Nation would have justice for the atrocity. A century after Young's death, historian Rodman W. Paul wrote,[161]. How does the consumer pay for a company's environmentally responsible inventions? BYU, which is owned by the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, forbids sexual activity among members of the student body, much less between a . Later, after taking up the mantle of Mormon leader following Smith's death from dysentery, Young is among those visited by Jesus and told to have as much sex as they possibly can, to ensure the propagation of the Mormon faith.[194]. When Amelia became part of the Young family in January 1863, she did not immediately move in with her sister-wives. He was the ninth child of John Young and Abigail "Nabby" Howe. The Indians we expect will do as they please but you should try and preserve good feelings them. 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